Vagueness, Ambiguity and clarity in writing

Vagueness, Ambiguity, and Clarity In Writing Coastland Bullock June 29, 2014 CRT. 205 In example three, the ambiguity causes this statement to have a lot of vagueness. When dealing with a situation such as collecting money for a project, all details should be clearly and factually stated first. The first thing said Is, next Sunday; along with this should be a date.Also, when It says the collection will help with the cost I feel that the cost should be stated as well so that a goal can be set for the group as a whole. The rest of the statement is even more vague because all details of the project otherwise they may not be as willing to donate as much. Lastly, the end of the second sentence says to let the committee know if you would like to do something but they do not mention which committee is in charge of the project.Being able to understand this example is not very difficult because its kind of common sense what they are getting at but it is a little hard understand all the detail s so therefore they may be less likely to get more help with the project. With these types of announcements, thinking critically in order to be clear in your writing is a vital aspect o incorporate into our work. Thinking deeply into whatever we are doing is important so that the result is clear and on point.In example four, the entire statement is vague and unclear of what conclusion or point is trying to be made. I understood from reading it that they obviously agreed with what they read at first but as they continued to read they found out more, this type of writing makes this paragraph ambiguous. At first the reader agrees with what is being stated but after reading on, they become indecisive causing failure to make a choice. Never once was any information stated that said who, where, when, why, or what they were talking about.The example uses words such as they, both, sort of, the author, something, and anything. Using these types of words and phrases will automatically make an y writing or conversation vague and ambiguous. These two downfalls in writing influence understanding by not allowing the reader to know what is trying to be proved or concluded in the writing. This paragraph is not an example of clear writing because the writer was obviously not aware that whoever might read it may not know what or who they were talking about due to no details in the statement.

Chapter 1 Summary of Three Cups of Tea

â€Å"Failure† â€Å"Failure,† chapter one, in â€Å"Three Cups of Tea,† by Greg Mortenson and David Oliver Relin, tells about a man’s compassion and determination through life, and the obstacles that would ultimately lead to his failure. Greg Mortenson was born into a compassionate family that greatly cared for the welfare of others. Being a kind man who loves his family, he maintains a close relationship with his sister, Christa, who suffers from frequent seizures.Mortenson, twelve years her senior, appointed himself her protector. After his sister’s untimely death, Mortenson sets out on an expedition to scale the second highest Summit in the world, and in order to honor his sister’s memory by leaving her necklace at the peak. During his journey to the top, Mortenson without hesitation assists in the exhausting rescue of a fellow mountaineer, Etienne Fine. After the rescue the severe and treacherous conditions had left him weak and unable t o go on.Due to this selfless act Mortenson is forced to give up his dream to reach the top, when he was merely 600 meters away. He goes on to describe his experience as agonizing, his deep wounds from the rescue unbearable, and his painful night of sleeping on jagged uneven rocks alone. He States, â€Å"It was his body that had failed, he decided, not his spirit, and every body had its limits† (16). Mortenson’s restrictions had altered his determination; and though he had failed he had learned a lot about his own mental and physical limits in life.

Drawing Blood

Drawing blood is not as challenging as you may think. When I started my job at the hospital, I had no previous experience in drawing blood. They put me through a training that lasted about five days, eight hours per day. There are many simple steps to drawing someones blood. The three biggest steps are waiting for a requisition to print off, preparing all of your equipment, and finally draw the blood. Step one is to get the requisition and take it into the patients room, you use this to verify the patient. You first identify yourself and indicate the procedure that is about to take place. Check the date and order time on the requisition form. Verify their name, date of birth, and sex. You have to verify the patients allergies to make sure they are not allergic to latex or any of the antiseptics or adhesives that are to be used. If patient is unresponsive you are not allowed to draw the blood unless they have a patient sticker on their armband. You have to verify who the person is. You then check the requisition form for what tests are being requested so you will know what and how many of each tubes to draw blood into. Step two is to prepare your equipment that will be used in this process. The number one item would be gloves, you use these to not only protect yourself but also the patient. You will need to have a tourniquet, 70% isopropyl alcohol wipes, gauze sponge, to apply to site after needle is withdrawn, an adapter to use with the evacuated collection system, needles, adhesive bandage, to protect site after collection, and tubes to place the blood into. After getting all of this together properly you move on to the final step. Step three, this is the final process, the actual blood draw. First tie the tourniquet about 3 inches above the site you are wanting to withdraw blood from. Have the patient make a fist but do not have them pump their first. Then palpate and trace the path of the vein with the index finger. The vein should feel cord-like and it should roll easily. When you find the vein you are wanting to draw blood from you then prepare the site. Using an alcohol pad, clean the site in circular motion. Let the site air dry. Next, grasp the patients arm firmly. Place needle in a fifteen to thirty degree angle with the arm. Swiftly insert needle through the skin into the vein. Then fill the required tubes. In the meantime of you filling the last tube you will remove the tourniquet from the arm. You then swiftly remove the needle from the arm and safely lock the needle. Immediately following, apply the gauze to the site with addequette pressure to avoid a hematoma. After applying pressure for approximately fifteen seconds you bandage the site. Then dispose of the needle in a sharps container and throw contaminated materials in their proper containers. Mix blood in a shaking motion. Then label all tubes of blood in the patients room. Finally you are ready to deliver it to the lab.

Identity, community, and conflict Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Identity, community, and conflict - Essay Example Chapter 4 of the book by Solomon, Higgins, and Martin (2011) begins with the quote from Alice in Wonderland where the Caterpillar questions the very importance of self (p. 285). In Carroll's (1996) text, neither the caterpillar nor actually Alice care too much about their identities. They choose the selves they want to be, as if they were Sartrians, but in much more playful manner. Yet in one of the responses to the caterpillar Alice remarks: â€Å"Oh, I'm not particular as to size, only one doesn't like changing so often, you know† (Carroll, 1996). That means that there are still limits to human will as Alice’s will is overcome by her perceived irritation by the repeated change. In this paper, I will be arguing for the contradictory nature of self-identity that establishes itself through choice, as Existentialists assert (Solomon, Higgins and Martin, 2011, p. 303), but necessarily encounters the opposition to its choice from the parts of the larger context (â€Å"Othe rs†). I believe that the working momentary compromise between the assertions of human will (internal factors) and such external factors as natural circumstances, or the will of other(s), is a possible solution of the problem of self-identity. Such thinkers as Locke and Sartre strictly associated self with consciousness: Locke believed this because he relied on the separation of mind and substance (Solomon, Higgins and Martin, 2011, p. 291) while Sartre emphasized such act of consciousness as choice. This notion is very controversial for a number of reasons. Firstly, there are states of brain in which the presence of self is either not registered or not controlled by 'consciousness', the ones that are conceptualized as different brain waves in contemporary neurology (Hall, 1998). Beta wave is associated with awake condition while alpha (relaxed) or theta (sleep) waves are slower in frequency preventing humans from performing all the actions they would be capable of in an awake state (Hall, 1998).. Secondly, returning to the domain of philosophy, it is still unclear what is the entity that is responsible for the conscious decision (Solomon, Higgins and Martin, 2011, p. 293) as opposed to Existentialist worldview in which â €Å"existence precedes essence† (Solomon, Higgins and Martin, 2011, p. 305) that totally denies existence of a decision making entity, as in such states when something â€Å"essential† (if any) is not subjected to any existential choices. This was Hume's objections to Locke (Solomon, Higgins and Martin, 2011, p. 293). Still, the notion that self should be associated with choice appeals to me for the reason that 'self' is never alone. One of the possible answers to the need of question of self lies in manifestations of identity. People usually establish their identities through either promoting selected positive values and corresponding or contradicting other conflicting ideas and deeds. They might require openness to negotiation, like communitarianism (Jayaram, 2012); they can also broaden human self to other human and non-human creatures and other elements of material world, like done in deep ecology (Taylor, 2005, p. 457) relating the personal identity to community as a whole in terms of one’s relations to surroundings over time. However, communitarianism and deep ecology encounter opposition on the ground that they suppress diverse values (Taylor, 2005, p. 458). If assumed, that an identity is manifested through the difference with other identities, it becomes clear that identity is a ma tter of choice. How? The choice may be conscious (on which Sartre insisted) (Solomon, Higgins and Martin, 2011, p. 304) or unconscious, the notion introduced in psychoanalysis and partially covered by Hume in his debate with Locke (Solomon, Higgins and Martin, 2011, p. 293). Like Freud, Hume asserted that there is something in the work of human mind that makes it deceive itself (Solomon, Higgins and Martin, 2011, p. 294). This lack of human mind’

Stratege management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Stratege management - Case Study Example The services have relatively low switching cost since they are of similar quality and price. The ratio of fixed to variable costs over the past five years averages is lower than the industry average of 0.79. The company is not on excess capacity but acceptable capacity (Leibsohn, Moy and Okagaki 2012). Threat of new substitutes is necessitated by customers’ willingness to switch to another similar service offered by a competitor. Competitors, however, face a difficulty in closing in on performance and relative price. Web Reservations International is a globally recognized brand name and does not face a greater threat from substitutes. Customers are willing to pay premium prices for the services offered (Leibsohn, Moy and Okagaki 2012). Customer’s willingness to switch is very low since the company has established good relations with its clients. The company should least take on a defender and prospector strategies because it is not scared of new competitors and scarcely experiments on potential responses to new environmental trends. The company is likely attempting an analyzer strategy in maintaining current businesses and innovativeness (Hoyle 2013). Marketing research encompasses features and benefits of the product, price sensitivity to customers, effectiveness of distribution channels and advertising and promotions initiatives. This is the marketing mix that every company must learn to balance. The services of Web Reservations International Company are essentially hospitality services, thus highly valued and on high demand (Goldberg 2012). The advertisement captures the mind of the contemporary generation Y to a greater extends as compared to oldies in their sixties and seventies. By undertaking a marketing mix, the company is destined to make a full cycle of hotel and reservation success (Creswell 2012). The importance of market segmentation is to capture the array of customers who are sensitive to price and

To live Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

To live - Essay Example Therefore, one should need not give up on hope no matter the situation a person faces. The film has some of the conventional Chinese though like Confucianism and Buddhism. Additionally, the film shows the responsibilities of a person in life. The film outlines the life of Fungui during various Chinese periods, like Cultural Revolution and civil war. The conversation between Chun-sheng and Ji-Zhen expresses how important life is. When Chun-sheng killed the son to Fugui and Jia-Zhen, Jia-Zhen told Chung-shend that he hated him. Life signifies the You-qing death. However, at the end of the movie , when Chun-sheng lost hope in life due to the death of her wife but was encouraged by Jia-Zhen to live a strong life. Some of the conventional Chinese thought like Confucianism and Buddhism are offered the expression. In Buddhism, suffering arises due to human desires. Therefore, one needs to live a simpler life. In the film, we see Chun-send falling in love with cars. Driven by such a desire, he later becomes a driver after joining army. The experience of Fugui in the film shows the life’s responsibility, which is a belief from the Confucianism. At the start, Fugui failed to understand the responsibilities and hardship that come along in life (Yimou, (Director). 1994). After losing almost everything, Fugui realized that he needs to take responsibilities to take care of his family. He started earning a living as a puppeteer. When joined the army during the Cultural Revolution and civil war he kept saying that he had to live, he had to go home, he had a family that depended on him. The experience of Fugui shows that one needs to take responsibility in life irrespective of the condition that he faces. â€Å"To Live† is a movie that is filled with hope. It show that even in difficult time when individual suffer emotionally and physically, they still have a strong life belief. It is believed that life will always be

Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 17

Reflection - Essay Example According to Fairman (2012), well trained nurses are the need of an hour for the industry to play its due role in the betterment of the society, because world population is increasing. On the other side, death rate is decreasing; so, when we take this into account, the net impact is growing number of patients in the medical facilities. The humanity requires well equipped medical staff to meet the future healthcare needs; I am looking forward to become an asset to my field, by training in the best way for the future. I need to become a highly competent medical professional, who could help people in healing. In the process of patient recovery, medication alone is not sufficient; I should also be able to demonstrate compassion towards those who are suffering. In this way, patients will realize that they are important and their will to live will increase significantly, however, this compassion will have to be kept within the limits of professionalism. In the future of nursing, my ability to lead, will be the most crucial attribute in my career (Fights, 2012), because at that time, technology will eliminate unnecessary jobs. As a result, every individual will be placed strategically in various departments of the hospital; so, everyone will enjoy certain degree of job autonomy, but in parallel responsibility will also mount significantly. English nursing association launched a training program for their nurses, to foster skills that are needed in the future. This particular program includes training of leadership in a practical scenario, multitasking and modern life saving techniques and medication (Brearley, 2012). This program also focuses on giving medical staff higher degree of job autonomy, which cannot be done, without decentralization of the authority within healthcare organizations. However, the role of nursing staff is going to be extremely significant in the coming days, because doctors will

Purchasing and SC Management in practice Assignment

Purchasing and SC Management in practice - Assignment Example In actual practice, supply chain management ensures integration of supply as well as demand management both within and across businesses (Monczka and Trent, 2009, pg. 57). The major goal of the process is aimed at collaboration as opposed to competition in all parts involved in supply chain management but eventually leads to the creation of a competitive advantage. Through collaboration, personal and mutual satisfaction results from cost cuts as well as increased profitability. The retail businesses continuously realize the need to rely on effective supply chains or networks to ensure effective competition in the current global market comprised of the networked economy. In most scenarios, retail businesses engage in inter-organizational supply processes forming a network that is like a new form of organization. However, interactions tend to present complicated scenarios making it difficult for businesses to present the best structure that fully fits any particular market. The paper, therefore, presents a critical examination of purchasing and supply chain management practices in the retail sector while also illustrating with specific examples how the practices contribute towards creating competitive advantage in the retail market. While the issue of supply chain management (SCM) is mentioned, majority of individuals tend to relate the benefits related to the process to manufacturing and other big companies. However, with the concept of globalization and competitive markets arising in the recent past, SCM has also proved essential and to some extent beneficial in retail business, though at times attributed to side effects. In the retail business perspective, the focus is different from other market players in that it focuses on more specific factors like the retail business itself as opposed to a broader category (Weele, 2010, pg. 87). In the retailing

How do events become media events Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

How do events become media events - Essay Example ial networking platforms and media’ then they could probably cite a strong point of view by attributing the man who killed his wife because of her internet addiction. Then the more the media would cover this event, allowing many people to provide their stands, the said story then starts to become a great media event, as there would be many people involved by taking the event right to their heart, making them fully involved. This is the same trend we might probably observed from the September 11 USA terrorism attack. If there would be no television or other media from the other side of the world and USA’s adjacent countries, it would take time to hear about what was happening that time to the world’s twin towers in New York. After the attack, it would most probably took time to keeping popular number of people about the news report. Publicity would be too slow that many people would miss the opportunity to take the event right to their heart. However, since the wi de coverage of media continues to lead us people and becoming integrated with our life at present, the September 11 attack remained a remarkable history that today’s generation could impart to the future. Media therefore have become powerful agents of publicity, allowing great news event to become great media event. Right after the September 11 attack, there were various news reported associated with the event. For couple of months, local and internatianal news reports from various parts of the world were primary important headlines, and many opinions, stands, symphaties or reactions begun to flinch from the audience, making the event a great media event, just like what happened to Princess Diana’s funeral and Prince Charles and Kate’s matrimonial ceremony. The flu virus and its associated... The "How do events become media events?" essay describes the influence of media on our perception of some life events. Why some of them would no longer create remarkable impact or special response? The flu virus and its associated detrimental impacts on the human health was once become a media event as people discovered that SARS for instance could potentially wipe out the human race. Everyday, the media would cover the progress of mortality rate and the probable place affected by the pandemic. Via broadcasters, people were informed about the said news event, allowing everyone to stop for a while from doing their daily routines, and focus on understanding the right thing to do in order not to contract the disease. The news event about SARS progressed to becoming a great media event, as people paid considerable amount of time concerning the event. However, the entire piece of this could be attributed to the level of publicity that the media were able to impart with the consuming publi c. It is therefore clear that media publicity is a common activity normally associated with media events. Media events operate as public arenas where people find themselves engaged in the political debates and political actions that are responsible for shaping the world around them. This could potentially be illustrated through the US presidential election. The Democrats and Republicans have various and conflicting ideologies which they used to defend their stands and ultimate perspectives on certain political, social, and economic issues.

Management & organisation behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Management & organisation behaviour - Essay Example This book reassures that, success is within the reach of any resolute individual, who is willing to make certain minor behavioral modifications. Primarily targeted at ambitious young adults with self - suspecting tendencies, this book provides ample clarity to all career - seekers on how to do well in their lives. Jack Welch, the author of the book "Straight from the Gut" was the Chairman and CEO of General Electric between 1981 and 2001. He used to be called as Neutron Jack and he was also referred as the world's toughest boss. And then Fortune called him "The Manager of the Century." In his twenty year career at the helm of General Electric, Jack Welch defied conventional wisdom and turned an aging behemoth of corporate innovatin. In his remarkable autobiography - the author taes us on the rough-and-tumble ride that has been his remarkable life. Jack Welch's memoir, JACK: Straight from the Gut, is part autobiography and part business theory text. Welch covers his fast trip from General Electric employee to General Electric CEO, his years in the top job (including an in-depth look at the philosophical positions he brought to and developed while holding that position) and the recent search for his replacement - a search that culminated with his retirement in 2001. In the end, however, JACK is less the story of its author and his theories than it is a love letter to the men and women who helped Jack Welch recreate General Electric over the past two decades. "Straight from the Gut" is an energizing book that tells an American dream story of an unconventional businessman who climbed to the top of one of the world's biggest companies and made it even bigger. Along the way, the reader meets a Jack Welch whose clear enthusiasm and affection for those with whom he worked stands in sharp contrast to his "Neutron Jack" reputation. 3. Charan, Larry Bossidy & Ram. Execution. London: Random House Business Books, 2002. Larry Bossidy is one of the world's most acclaimed CEOs, with a track record for delivering results that has few peers. Ram Charan is a legendary advisor to senior executives and boards of directors with unparalleled insight into why some companies are successful and others are not. The result is the book "Execution" people in business need today. One with a high practical framework for closing the gap between results promsed and results delivered. After a long, stellar career with GE, Larry Bossidy became CEO of Allied Signal and trasnformed it into one of the world's most admired companies. Accomplishments like 31 consecutive quarters of earnings-per-share growth of 13% or more don't just happen. They result from consistent practice of the discipline of execution: understanding how to link the three core processes of any business together: people, strategy and operations. The leader's most important job - selecting and appraising people - is one that should never be delegated. As a CEO Larry personally makes the

Strategic human resource management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Strategic human resource management - Essay Example Besides the cost and the effort involved in developing this system, Natural Knibbles will also need to train its HR managers to operate this system or else they have to be replaced. Thus with the development of both its niche market and new products, Natural Knibbles will have to recruit new people. This hiring will have to be done very carefully in line with the organizational culture but at the same time people with different knowledge and skills pertaining to the new markets and products will have to be hired. Till now Natural Knibbles primarily employed people in the production department but the expansion might make recruitment in senior management positions necessary of people who have expertise in developing and managing products for people with severe allergies. At the same time training has to be deployed to current staff specially regarding the care which has to be employed in carefully manufacturing products for hyper-allergic people. Diversification will also need to new investment issues and the generation of capital. Thus Natural Knibbles will have to figure out ways to generate new capital and cut down on its costs. 2) Describe the steps that Natural Knibbles would need to develop an effective HR plan The first step which Natural Knibbles needs to take to develop an effective HR plan is assessment. The owners of natural Knibbles need to take into account the needs of the company and its people. It should find out about the kind of expertise the company would need if it branches to introduce a new line of products. Then it can evaluate its present employees and figure out and chalk a program for training and development of existing employees. The company should also perform an internal and external analysis to find put about the opportunities and threats and the company's strengths and weaknesses. The company should also make budget allocations to both training and development and for new recruitments following which they can incorporate their pla ns. Workforce planning will also need to take into account the demographic patterns of the workforce and thus assessment of employee turnover and retiring employees will also be taken into account before making projections about growth. All this planning will be done within a limited time frame and a deadline will be set for the achievement of all objectives. The company will also conduct an evaluation of its performance and its employee performance which will generate the right feedback resulting in optimum performance. The generation of capital will include Natural Knibbles evaluating its fixed, variable and overhead costs to reduce cost and increase revenue. Side by side it will have to locate the source of funds. 3) How would the HR plan as described above help Natural Knibbles to implement its changes and achieve its new strategic objectives? Natural Knibbles will prepare an implementation plan to to achieve its strategic objectives. First of all the top management of natural K nibbles will ensure that this plan has the complete approval of all three decision makers and no one has any doubts about the plan. Secondly the plan will be communicated effectively to all employees since the company is highly employee-oriented. Implementing these and putting the plan into action will lead to employee satisfaction and development in the company. The employees

They’re all wasted! Essay Example for Free

They’re all wasted! Essay â€Å"They’re all wasted! † proclaims The Who’s Roger Daltrey in 1971’s â€Å"Baba O’Riley,† a song widely and mistakenly believed to be titled â€Å"Teenage Wasteland† because of the refrain. Putting an emphasis on â€Å"all,† this is a sweeping indictment: the youth are all wasted, not just one group or in one way, but everywhere and in every faculty. Every potentialfor rebellion, discipline, pleasure, beliefhas been squandered. But The Who were far from the first to imagine this modern wasteland. T. S. Eliot’s poem, â€Å"The Wasteland,† provides a wide-ranging critique of modernity, while also modeling the aesthetics of the new epoch, that makes statements like The Who’s intelligible while building on established literary and social conventions. The historical context for Eliot’s poem can be divided into three major components. First, there is the literary tradition writ large, the collected textual productions of the world over the last several millennia. â€Å"The Wasteland† makes reference to the Bible (20-3), Buddhism (173), Dante (62-5), Shakespeare (172), Greek tragedy (218), and many more sources: the Norton Anthology’s cup runneth over with footnotes. Second, there is English literature. It is more likely that Eliot’s peers would measure him against the immediate backdrop of national history, not least because education in excellence in English literature is also education of the excellence of English literature. Thus Eliot must be able to demonstrate knowledge of Shakespeare and Marvell at the minimum, but also make an original contribution to the English literary tradition coming out of the nineteenth century. As in â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† Eliot addresses nineteenth century British Romanticism with modern inversions of the celebration of unadulterated nature. In the opening paragraph we have a modernized parallel of Wordsworth’s â€Å"A Beauteous Evening, Calm and Free†: Summer surprised us, coming over the Starnbergersee With a shower of rain; we stopped in the colonnade, And went on in sunlight, into the Hofgarten, And drank coffee, and talked for an hour. (8-11) The natural world is pleasing and comforting to humanity in this miniature. The surprise of rain does not seem to dampen the spirits of the characters but rather, through the stop in the colonnade, causes them to pause and so appreciate the reappearance of the sunlight. The construction â€Å"Summer surprised us† gives the natural world and its seasons a kind of playful agency, as in the Romantic tradition. However, we cannot think of Eliot as remaining within the Romantic tradition despite his utilization of it as a literary option. The third vital context is the recently concluded World War I. Hence the agency of the natural world, insomuch as Eliot images such agency for literary purposes, is as ambivalent as human nature. The opening lines, also drawing on literary precedent in Chaucer’s â€Å"Canterbury Tales,† depict a less loving nature. April is the cruellest month, breeding Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing Memory and desire, stirring Dull roots with spring rain. (1-4) The April showers that bring May flowers, to paraphrase Chaucer, bring a conflation of life and death instead of pilgrims. April is personified, as in Romanticism, but here it is so that it can be labelled cruel. Life is not an abstractly generative force: since at least Sidney’s â€Å"Astrophel and Stella† and Shakespeare’s â€Å"Sonnets,† English literature has had a rich tradition of sexual metaphorics, using phrases like â€Å"Dull roots† for phallic impotence and â€Å"spring rain† for ejaculatory procreation. But Eliot cannot simply celebrate this cycle of rebirth in the shadow of the muddy graves of World War I. The â€Å"mixing / memory and desire† recasts the common literary relationship between sex and death in a perverse light, since â€Å"memory† transgresses the partition between the living and the dead, the present and the past. Memory exhumes what is past, does not allow it to die and rest in peace. This corpse is now also the object of â€Å"desire. † The cycle of death and rebirth has been stalled in modernity and in the vision of â€Å"The Waste Land. † Eliot’s poem both represents and partakes of this modern problem; in fact, the necessity of participating in the forces of social infertility to represent it might be one of the most distinctively modern aspects that Eliot represents here. The broad scope of historical literature that he can draw on is the result of the British empire contacting and importing cultural products from around the globe. His knowledge of languages and availability of translations when necessary further speak to world literature as a thoroughly modern phenomenon. The need to reject or critique prior traditions is also part of the modern awareness of the dialectical nature of history. Of course, this also marks (ironically) a point of continuity with Victorians like Baudelaire (67). The fragmented form of â€Å"The Waste Land† is part of this modern rejection of tradition, but to depict this fragmentation Eliot must also gather together multiple traditions. They are juxtaposed with each other but without a master narrative to organize them. To further drive the point home Eliot also uses non-standard grammar or spelling, or seemingly nonsense words and sounds: â€Å"O O O O O that Shakespeherian Rag† (128). This ambiguity then contrasts with the grim and undecorated conversation circling, like Hemingway’s â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants,† around an abortion: â€Å"I can’t help it, she said, pulling a long face, / It’s them pills I took, to bring it off, she said† (158-60). Stylistic innovation and rejection of stifling â€Å"rules† of art allow Eliot to create a radically new expression of the human experience, but in doing so he simultaneously duplicates the rootlessness and anomie he is seeking to overcome. â€Å"The Waste Land† articulates combatting notions of history, progress, and form that do not reach any conclusive resolution in the poem or in its subsequent readings. With the aid of hindsight the critic can understand Eliot’s growing religious conservatism in subsequent works like â€Å"Journey of the Magi. † By trying to include every literary and theological mode, he winds up putting them all at a discount; even if one’s chosen credo is somewhat arbitrary it at least allows entrance into the myth of rebirth. The forces in tension in â€Å"The Waste Land† chart two continuing political alignments. The will or willingness to subscribe to any belief is most darkly visible in the rise of the Third Reich; the willingness to subscribe to none is most visible in our inability to decisively commit to the prevention of subsequent atrocities. Eliot’s poem provides a space for considering these questions without prejudicing the question through contemporary political affiliations. The political question can be momentarily set aside if we imagine, for the time being, that this is merely art for art’s sake. Works Cited Eliot, T. S. â€Å"The Wasteland. † The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Ed. M. H. Abrams and Stephen Greenblatt. New York: W. W. Norton and Co. , 2000. 236

Conditional Statement Strategies for Code Obfuscation

Conditional Statement Strategies for Code Obfuscation Chandan Kumar Behera, Pawan Kumar, D. Lalitha Bhaskari Abstract Obfuscated code syntax has been set intentionally unclear. Different obfuscation techniques may have different impacts on the source code. In the presented paper, the ‘if condition’ has been used several times with the purpose to make the code obfuscated one, but in the mean time, the code should look like very simple. The idea behind this concept is to make feel the reader a simple code and ignore the code basically as it looks straightforward. Keywords: Software code protection, code obfuscation, conditional statements, malicious code Introduction Software protection is increasingly becoming an important requirement for software development according to industry. The software protection problem is fundamentally harder than other security problems. When one has the adversary for full access to the chosen software or hardware and can examine, or modify it, then no piece of software can be protected for the long period of time. An example of very common form of protection against reverse engineering attacks is obfuscation, which modifies a program to make it harder for the adversary to understand or analyse. At the beginning this techniques is developed for automatically creating multiple transformations of same program, by that each version will be difficult to analyse and modify for some more time. That means code obfuscation makes it more laborious and troublesome for understanding completely, because of that it will be not advisable to go for code tampering. The technique obfuscation helps for manipulating source code to make it harder to analyze and more difficult to understand for the attacker. Obfuscation is a common technique used to protect software against malicious reverse engineering. This approach could focus on changing a specific aspect of the code (e.g., complexity). But, the aim of code obfuscation is to prevent malicious users by disclosing the properties of the original source program. Typical code obfuscation techniques include splitting of codes into smaller pieces, merging pieces of unrelated codes, randomizing the code placement, mangling of data structures, field assignment, obfuscates the literal strings of a program, merging local integers, use of random Dead Codes, inserting dead variables, reordering of instructions, parameter reordering, transparent Branch Insertion, variable renaming, variable reassigning, aggressive methods renaming, renaming of registers, duplication of registers, promoting primitive registers, reorders the constants in the bytecode and assigns random keys to them, randomly marks all basic bytecode blocks in the program with either 0 or 1, array folding, array splitting, constant unfolding, Control flow obfuscation, flattening or introducing bogus control flow, breaking abstraction boundaries, false refactoring, mapping of bytecode instructions to source code line numbers, removal of local variable tables in the bytecode that store the local variable names in the source code, also various techniques using Opaque Predicates (Ex: branch insertion) etc. Some more techniques can be used in higher level languages, mostly in object oriented are splitting or merging of classes, finding of inner classes ( if available or not and then use obfuscation there even), new obfuscated names for methods and classes in a random fashion, encrypts class files and causes them to be decrypted at runtime, converting functions into inline methods at runtime, Interleave Methods by that will have the same signature, use of more methods having same names (overload names), takes a class and replaces all the fields with fields of the objects belong to the same class, converting the fields of a class to public, splits all of the non-static methods into a static method, open all the classes for modification, group the classes for modifying the original structure, selects a random method from the class or a random basic block from a method (i.e. a copy of the basic block will be created and some additional malicious code will be added in the new basic block, by which the values of local variable might be changed and the basic blocks will be bypassed from execution) etc. In this paper, the discussion is basically about the conditional statement. There are different ways of different obfuscation techniques by using conditions. Like, reversing the ‘if’ and ‘else’ conditions, using negation of the condition, introducing ‘if condition’ which will never true, breaking of the condition into nested. Conversion form ‘if- else if’ conditions to switch cases, etc. Proposed strategy Generally, use of conditional statements in a program is common. Mostly, for optimizing a program, the writers give the stress towards the loops. According to this thought the obfuscation also can be done on conditions, where ever it is used. Normally, after obfuscating a program, the code will be lengthier as well as difficult to understand. But, in the proposed logic, neither the code will be lengthier nor the code will look difficult to understand. Therefore, the malware witters may ignore the code. Actually the modified code will give some undesired result, by which may surprise the reader. Here, in place of â€Å"if else† or â€Å"if else if – else† conditions, we use several times the ‘if’ condition. In the proposed method if the use of ‘if conditions’ several times is replaced by ‘if- else or if-else if-else’ condition, then output will be totally different and the logic is going to change totally. Figure 1: Proposed code obfuscation logic by using ‘if condition’ several times In this paper, some proper fractions have been used for generating different patterns. Those patterns with bit wise represented and by rounding-off the values, sometimes the result will be undesirable. But, actually this is not at all undesirable, and properly calculated. So before execution of the code, it can be identified the condition which is going to be satisfied and with that the function, which is going to be executed. As the result is not undesirable and looks very simple, by and large readers may ignore the conditional statements with high percentage. The second concerned point is the repetition of patterns. As the remainder will be not zero, during the conversion of the proper fractional number into binary format, because of the infinite string of zero’s and ones. Obviously, the string will be getting a repetition of a kind of pattern. But, the visualization of the value in a variable is not possible, because of limited bytes are allowed to the variables. Fig. 2 Function execution for different values, while the fraction is 2/3 Fig. 3 Function execution for different values, while the fraction is 2/3 Because of the proper fraction, there are several repetitions of the pattern of 10 in case of rational number 2/3. Then we try to store that infinite value in a double variable and a float variable. After that the both numbers are compared. According to the result shown in the graph in figure 2, more than 88% of times functionC is executed. Here, for the values, functionC is not executing, to be uncovered. This concept can be used in several ways, like comparing two numbers or comparing a variable with a constant. Any type of program, if that consists of at least one condition is there, then that can be modified in the proposed method to obfuscate the program effortlessly. This strategy can be used in place of or with inserting some dead code or XOR operation or as well as doing some bit wise operations. In the above code, in figure 1, if the rational number 2/3 is replaced by 3/7, then the functionB will be not executed at all. The functionA will be called, when the value will be in between 1 to 2 or 27 to 31 or 251 to 255 and so on. Here the pattern is 001. i.e. the functionA executes, when the value will be with the range as follows: Fig. 4. Function execution for different values, while the fraction is 3/7 Similarly, if the proper fraction number 2/3 is replaced by 1/7, then the functionA will not execute. But, the functionB will be called, when the value will be from 3 to 7 or 59 to 63 or 507 to 511 and so on. Here, the pattern is 011. Fig. 5. Function execution for different values, while the fraction is 1/7 Conclusion Many times the code seems to be very simple and understandable, but actually not, and because of this, anybody can be confused more. This paper mostly discusses similar to that by using ‘if’ condition. In the paper, it is discussed about code obfuscation by using ‘if condition’ several times. Simply looking to the program, it is very difficult to guess that whether the program is obfuscated. Because, neither the size of the program increases nor the program looks difficult as compare to the original code. The use of several ‘if’ conditions is not at all looking different than that of ‘if –else if-else’ conditions. Most of the cases the values will be same. The important thing is when exactly the values will differ and if they differ, then which function is going to be executed. This need to be understood and bring into play in the code and the obfuscated code should give the desired output. There are several software engineer ing code techniques to measure the effect of code obfuscation, in terms of the complexity, the modularity and the size of obfuscated code. This methodology will not affect much in complexity or in size of the code. Even the original code and the obfuscated one will be not having much difference according to the modularity. This proposed obfuscation scheme may not be able to satisfy any strong definition of obfuscation, but the combination with any other obfuscation techniques to the same program, can go for a much better result. References The Effectiveness of Source Code Obfuscation: an Experimental Assessment, Mariano Ceccato, Massimiliano Di Penta, Jasvir Nagra,, Paolo Falcarin, In Proceedings of the17th IEEE International Conference on Program Comprehension (ICPC 2009),Vancouver, Canada, 17-19 May 2009.IEEE, pp-178-187, A Large Study on the Effect of Code Obfuscation on the Quality of Java Code, Mariano Ceccato, Andrea Capiluppi, Paolo Falcarin, Cornelia Boldyreff. Empirical Software Engineering, Springer, Towards experimental evaluation of code obfuscation techniques, Mariano Ceccato, Massimiliano Di Penta, Jasvir Nagra, Paolo Falcarin, Filippo Ricca, Marco Torchiano and Paolo Tonella..InQoP `08: Proceedings of the 4th ACM workshop on Quality of protection,Alexandria (Virginia), USA, 27 October 2008. ACM pp. 39-46 (2008). A family of experiments to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of source code obfuscation techniques, Mariano Ceccato,Massimiliano Di Penta,Paolo Falcarin,Filippo Ricca,Marco Torchiano,Paolo Tonella, Empirical Software Engineering, August 2014,Volume 19,Issue 4,pp 1040-1074 A New Code Obfuscation Scheme for Software Protection, 8th International Symposium on Service Oriented System Engineering (SOSE), 2014, Oxford, IEEExplorer, pp 409 – 414, DOI:10.1109/SOSE.2014.57 A taxonomy of obfuscating transformations , Collberg C, Thomborson C, Low D (1997). Technical Report 148, Dept. of Computer Science, The Univ. of Auckland Protecting software code by guards. Chang H, Atallah M (2002) In: ACM workshop on security and privacy in digital rights management. ACM Program obfuscation: a quantitative approach., Anckaert B, Madou M, Sutter BD, Bus BD, Bosschere KD, Preneel B (2007) In: QoP ’07: Proc. of the 2007 ACM workshop on quality of protection, ACM, New York, NY, USA, pp 15–20. doi:10.1145/1314257.1314263 Locating features in source code. Eisenbarth T, Koschke R, Simon D (2003) IEEE Trans Softw Eng 29(3):195–209 Deobfuscation: reverse engineering obfuscated code, Udupa S, Debray S, Madou M (2005). In: 12th working conference on reverse engineering. doi:10.1109/WCRE.2005.13 Obfuscated Malicious Code Detection with Path Condition Analysis, Wenqing Fan, Xue Lei, Jing An, Journal of Networks, Vol 9, No 5, May 2014, doi:10.4304/jnw.9.5.1208-1214 Static analysis of executables to detect malicious patterns, M. Christodorescu and S. Jha, In Proceedings of the 12th conference on USENIX Security Symposium Volume 12, Berkeley, CA, USA, 2003, pp. 12–12. Software protection technology research based on code obfuscation, Song Yaqi, Northwestern University, 2005 Hong Luo, Jiang Jianqin, Zeng Qingkai. Code obfuscation techniques based on software protection, Computer Engineering, 2006, Vol 32 No. 11 A. Balakrishnan and C. Schulze,†Code Obfuscation: Literature Survey†, Technical report, Computer Science Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA, 2005. B. Anckaert, M. Madou, B. D. Sutter, B. D. Bus, K. D. Bosschere, and B. Preneel. †Program obfuscation: a quantitative approach†, In QoP ’07: Proc. of the 2007 ACM Workshop on Quality of protection, pages 15-20, New York, NY, USA,2007. ACM. Intellectual property protection using obfuscation, S. Drape et al. Proceedings of SAS 2009, 4779:133–144, 2009

J.D. Irving Limited (JDI) Business Analysis

J.D. Irving Limited (JDI) Business Analysis J.D. Irving Limited (JDI) is a 128 year old organization, based out of New Brunswick, Canada. This organization have over 15,000 employees with business units in Transportation, Shipbuilding Industrial Marine, Forest and Forestry Products, Retail, Industrial Equipment, Construction Services and Building Materials, and Consumer Products. Their value principles include uncompromising quality, committed service to consumers; focus on continuous improvement and innovation, positive influence to communities and ensuring a sustainable environment. Family values ensure strong-hold of current business lines, and the management is averse to spinning-off or divesting non-contributing business units, due to outdated corporate philosophy. Horizontal diversification allowed JDI to use their resources efficiently, and create economies of scale and scope. Vertical diversification runs parallel with the historical company strategy to scale up to a business, from inception to launch including retailing of the product, and its supporting infrastructure. Even though there are many pointers across the organization that suggest a restructuring is to be done on the current organizational structure, their current strategies have ensured a constant level of success over the years and the presence of multiple business lines, have ensured that no one business line goes out of business, with the introduction of the cross-selling concept. We feel that J.D. Irving has passed the better-off test, but not with flying colors. As a part of our recommendation, we believe that a few non-core business lines would need to be divested, and they would need to focus on streamlining and reducing costs, with increased efficiencies across business lines, with the possibility of looking into emerging markets to either off-shore or outsource parts of their businesses, which would in-turn reduce costs and increase profit share. Company Analysis: J.D. Irving, Limited (JDI) is a diverse family owned company with operations in Canada and the United States. For over 125 years, their focus has been on providing quality service and products to customers in Americas and Europe. Although its roots are in forestry and farming, JDI is nowadays diverse group of companies, including that continues to make such forest products as paper, pulp, lumber, and corrugated material for packaging. JDI has expanded in transportation, shipbuilding, industrial services, construction, retail and food processing. In addition, the company owns Brunswick News nearly monopoly in regional media. With a focus on creating an aligned and engaged workforce across various industries, JDI offers both internal and external competency-based development, tailored to individual needs. Their way of doing business includes effective communications, fairness, dynamic leadership, healthy corporate culture and work/family policies. The use of Lean and Six-Sigma methodo logies combined with a strong focus on team and employee engagement is what drives their culture of Finding a Better Way, Every Day!.  [i]  This report closely examines the JDI Groups corporate strategy / rationale and identifies the main issues faced by JDI with appropriate recommendations from our analysis. The Irving Family Values: As a family stronghold, the Irvings have amassed a large fortune, and rank 212 on Forbes 2010 billionaire list  [ii]  . They have managed to keep together a group of 250 privately-owned companies, worth over $7.1 Billion, intact, with plans to restructure to cater to the ambitions of a new generation of Irving owner-managers. Irving Oil, was founded by K.C. Irving, and has been run separate of the rest of the group for decades. (Management Hierarchy- Exhibit 1) When James Durgavel Irving started and K.C. Irving developed the company, they faced very few competitors, and preferred to be their own customer, a philosophy still intimately followed by the current generation of owners. K.C. Irving was a master of vertical integration. The ideology of forming a company, to become a supporting pillar for their core businesses was instilled in the early 1900s, and is still a major component of their success to this day. K.C Irvings three sons, James (J.K.) handled the Forestry business, Arthur handled the Oil business, and Jack handled the Construction unit. This generation never strayed away from the resource-based, core industries that have generated the Irvings billions.  [iii]  The Irvings were are core capitalists by nature; they rarely buy and sell, prefer to build from scratch and usually keep what theyve built. Their corporate culture revolved around efficiency and speed, in terms of decision-making, another aspect which entailed managin g the empire within the family and not going public. Corporate Rationale: Across the years, the Irving business has diversified and integrated, resulting in the current mix of seven industries: Forestry Forest Products, Transportation, Shipbuilding Industrial Marine, Retail Distribution, Industrial Equipment, Construction Services Building Materials, Specialty Printing, and Consumer Products (Exhibit 2). Irving Oil, being out of scope of this report, has also affected synergies and development of particular JDI transport and logistics businesses. Various factors have contributed to JDIs current business processes. An insufficiently developed business environment and infrastructure, in the early 1900s, in East Canada, resulted in the need to create missing value chain elements. Control over the entire value chain, in addition, allowed JDI to sustain high quality of their products, deal with insufficient and/or expensive distribution processes. Horizontal diversification, on other hand, allowed JDI to use their resources efficiently, and create economies of scale and scope. Initially, JDIs competition in New Brunswick should have been fragmented and irrelevant, allowing the company to gain competitive advantage, across their business portfolio. The company diversified into industries such as Transport, to support their core businesses. For a family business, diversification gives an opportunity to hedge risk, associated with commodities and concentration mainly in a single geographic region (Canada and Northern parts of the US) . (JDI business structure Exhibit 23) Vertical Integration: J.D. Irving has multiple business units which associate to and piggy-back on each other. This runs parallel with the historical company strategy to scale up to a business, from inception to launch including retailing of the product, and its supporting infrastructure. The company assumed ownership of a business from end-to-end. From our analysis, we can infer that for the Forest Business line, The Forest Management formed the core which branched out into Pulp and Lumber. Pulp meshed with Corrugating Mediums, Tissue and Paper which in turn corresponded to retail companies such as Chandler (Packaging), Irving Tissue and Plasticraft respectively. It is likely, that Irving paper is used to print Brunswick News magazines. The Lumber division corresponded to Shamrock Truss, Kent and Kent Homes (having its own correlations with Gulf Operators Atlantic Wallboard). Parallel to this was the Shipbuilding vertical with sub units of Marine Construction (with correlations to Harbour Development an d Heavy Equipment), Ship yards (with correlations to Kent Line and JDI Logistics), Atlantic Towing and Facilities, Technical and MSPV Services arms. To support distribution of the respective lines, a Transportation Logistics vertical comprised of Midland, RST Industries (correlating to Universal Truck Trailers), and Sunbury and NB Railways (supporting the lumber industries). The only department holistically shared across the board, according to our research, is a common Information Technology Department.  [iv]   Horizontal Diversification: Unrelated Diversification: JDI owns businesses starting from forestry and ending with retail of consumer goods, French-fries, railways and port services. While they all make the Irving Group, operating environment and coordination of individual businesses might be relatively autonomous. Some businesses, such as personal care products, are little related to any of Irvings core branches. JDIs unique geographic location and ability to acquire large capital over time helped the company to be significantly superior to its competitors, and gave advantage to make long-term, capital intensive investments. Irvings also to large extent control the general business environment in New Brunswick, employing one in 12 workers  [v]  and owning most of regional media presence in diverse businesses helps to increase their influence. Few other factors give advantage to their chosen diversification plan: JDI family business culture, and strong capabilities of its members to build and strengthen businesses. Related Diversification: Despite the initial diverse categories, almost all of JDIs businesses are grouped under four main categories forestry, oil, shipbuilding, and transport, which connect with each other. This allows JDI to be better off, by making wood a multi-purpose asset; allowing them to employ synergies of resources. For instance, pulp and lumber businesses use the same resource from JDI forestry operations. Similarly corrugating medium, tissue and paper businesses all use inputs from JDIs pulp business, while Kent, Kent Homes, and Shamrock Truss all use lumber. Additionally, JDI has strong brand and company reputation to extend it to other businesses. Cross-selling (one-stop-shop):// BrandLooking at JDIs corporate structure, the company tends to fully own its businesses. Probably, this has developed historically with an insufficient institutional context. Nowadays, taking into account, that JDI owns entire value chains, being a private company, they have a full control over information and resource allocation amongst their businesses. Over the years, JDI has strategically placed itself as an important business empire in Canada. But this has come at a cost. They have been constantly rebuked and pulled to court due to environmental concerns, caused by costly mistakes, but their holistic corporate outlook towards the environment and social responsibility have negated the effects of these pitfalls.Recommendations: Over the years, JDI has strategically placed itself as an important business empire in Canada. The companys businesses are well integrated and diversified, giving JDI opportunity to solve challenges, which came across in different times, and eventually presence in many strategically important industries in New Brunswick (Exhibit 4). Due to lack of financial information, we cannot pointedly suggest divestures or spin-offs of any business lines. However, we feel that JDI should be less diverse and control its current portfolio to suit todays business needs. The name has diluted over time, for example, with the acquisition of a diaper company. JDI as a corporate parent can add workable value to its businesses by investing into sustainable expertise. The corporate concept of not selling businesses might lead to sustained losses over time. With the state of the current global economy and with the prices of oil being drastically low as compared to a few years ago, running end-to-end businesses in Forestry, Shipping and Transportation makes little sense, especially when many of the processes can be outsourced or off-shored, to emerging markets, where low costs of labor and raw materials, would substantially increase profit margins. Our recommendation would be to retain the core oil and ship-building businesses, with some core aspects of logistics and consumer products and equipment manufacturing to be moved to less costly markets, so as to increase overall gross margins. They would need to divest non-core businesses, which were aimed at short-term profits and look to create a sustainable company. For J.D. Irving, philosophies and policies should be formulated in a way that they can be strategically changed with time and environment. Over the years, JDI has strategically placed itself as an important business empire in Canada. But this has come at a cost. They have been constantly rebuked and pulled to court due to environmental concerns, caused by costly mistakes, but their holistic corporate outlook towards the environment and social responsibility have negated the effects of these pitfalls. Due to lack of financial information, we cannot pointedly suggest divestures or spin-offs of any business lines. However, we feel that JDI should be less diverse and control its current portfolio to suit todays business needs. The name has diluted over time. JDI as a corporate parent can add workable value to its businesses by investing into sustainable expertise. The corporate concept of not selling businesses might lead to sustained losses over time. With the state of the current global economy and with the prices of oil being drastically low as compared to a few years ago, running end-to-end businesses in Forestry, Oil, Shipping and Transportation makes little sense, especially when many of the core processes can be outsourced or off-shored, to emerging markets, where prices of labor and raw materials, would substantially increase profit margins. The management has made some efforts into moving into international markets, but they have diluted their core businesses by moving into potato production and diaper companies. Our recommendation would be to retain the core oil and ship-building businesses, with some core aspects of logistics and consumer products and equipment manufacturing to be moved to less costly markets, so as to increase overall ROI. They would need to divest non-core businesses, which were aimed at short-term profits and look to create a sustainable company and to not restrict themselves with a policy of corporate philosophy. Philosophies and policies should be formulated in a way that they can be strategically changed with time and environment. Irving Corporate Scope J.D. Irving key strengths S1: Business Diversification S2: Long term focus, fast and concentrated decision making process S3: Overall control of business environment in New Brunswick S4: Patent family capital and financial capacity S5: Economies of scope and scale S6: Strong corporate culture J.D. Irving key weaknesses W1: Difference in business profitability in vertical value chains W2: Family dynamics potential conflict amongst 4th generation members W3: Unclear boundaries between family and business interests Key opportunities O1: Divesting non-performing assets and offshoring labor intensive processes to emerging markets O2: High barriers to entry many JDI industries O3: Proximity to major economies like the US and Europe S1, S4, S5, S6, Q1, Q3 JDI business diversification and financial strength allows the company to capitalize on close proximity to main developed markets, while gives an opportunity to offshore businesses to emerging markets Create synergy between low cost manufacturing and operations, and established access to profitable markets W2, W3, Q2 Various aspects of family relations and interests might negatively affect JDI development   Use the companys strengths, such as low competition, to overcome family related inefficiencies Key threats T1: Volatility and cyclic performance in global wood, paper and faming industries T2: Declining revenues in shipping industry T3: Increasing operating costs and overheads T4: Increasing competition in transport industry S2, S3, T1, T2, T4 JDI business diversification and low competition in the regional market can help the company to deal with higher risks, volatility and declining revenues in a short term Maintain business portfolio, which allows to avoid cyclical downturns in particular industries W1, T3 Less attractive value chain parts can harm JDI long term profitability Evaluate profitability of all business processes and outsource those, which do not add value to the company Source: JDI analysis, IBIB World industry reports for paper, oil, and transport industries

Processing Emotions in Mrs. Dalloway and Demonology :: Virginia Woolf Rick Moody Social Classes Essays

Processing Emotions in Mrs. Dalloway and Demonology Hold them in or let them out; typically these are the only two options one has in dealing with their everyday emotions. Over time, making this decision has differed greatly. The transition between holding in your emotions and letting them out can be seen between two writers from two different eras. In Virginia Woolf’s Mrs.Dalloway, she portrays people in upper class England during the first half of the 20th century and how they process their emotions. Then, in Rick Moody’s short story Demonology he reveals how an average American family during the latter half of the 20th century chooses to handle their emotions. These two stories are perfect examples of how different eras dealt with their feelings in a completely different manner. There can be many connections drawn between these two stories as to the situations the characters are living in and what they have to deal with. Given that they each take place in completely different time periods, the story lines act as a steady base to make judgments as to how they handle their emotions. The story lines also act as a reliable source as to what was going on during each time period. So with these two books, we are able to take them out of there context and actually view them as real life history. By doing this we are able to compare the two different eras and see how they decided to handle their emotions. To begin comparing these two stories, the easiest comparison that is made is that both are stories that are based in one day. This allows us to see how they react to everyday situations. Second, they both deal with people conversing amongst one another. Each person has an image to up hold throughout the two stories. This is most apparent in Mrs. Dalloway since the main character is always trying to uphold her status amongst her social bracket. This is also the case in Demonology where the narrator’s sister is living the typical materialistic American life style, be it through her kids or simply her decisions on anything she does. Finally, these two stories allow us to see how people handle themselves when confronted with marital issues and most importantly how they deal with tragedy. All of these comparisons set the stage for an open look as to what each author and era had to deal with and the way they went about it.

Transgender Students and the Learning Process Essay -- Essays Papers

Transgender Students and the Learning Process Introduction Identity is a key factor of an individual in the society. Identity often is skewed despite the rhetorical statement: â€Å"You are who you are.† However, many times a society unconsciously attempts to mold the identities of individuals into homogenous products. The important thing is not to let yourself prejudge individuals or acts of people because this creates an assumption that brings a stigma against the individual. Transgender people face the difficult challenge of being accepted into society because they either do not fit a traditional gender assignment to their sex, or they are not willing to specify a particular gender recognized by society. The court case that I will use to explore transgender identity is Doe v. Yunits. The case of Pat Doe v. John Yunits involves a young, transgender student disciplined by school authorities. The school deems to be an authority on a person’s dress attire while attending school. The court goes through a series of deductio ns testing the freedom of expression, liberty in appearance, and the application of sex-class discrimination. While the ruling of the case brings awareness of the existence of transgendered people, it is stigmatized by a dominant culture whose basis of the legal system protects proscribed gender identities rather than the protection of freedom of choosing multiple identities. Additionally, the court deemed that Pat Doe has a medical condition that requires her to wear women’s garments. The medical condition called Gender Identity Disorder speaks volumes about how society treats unrecognized differences when it comes to diagnosing a gender expression. The information of the court case allows you to get em... ...aggy jeans and a white-beater is day he fails to uphold her true gender identity. Judith Butler in Stein’s article best describes this as â€Å"[D]rawing upon the queer practices of drag, cross-dressing, and butch-femme, she [Butler] develops a conception of gender as performance, and of gender parodies as subversive acts†(Stein 181). My question that comes out of queer analysis and the Doe v. Yunits, Why do people need to perform a gender act? Is it to assert a type of sexuality, sexual orientation, and or rather stereotyped one? Is a transgender person better to perform a gender act that is understood? If the transgender person performs an act contrary to gender they choose, is the person a hypocrite? Is my gender controlling me or I am taking charge of my gender? I hope have attempted to rock your thoughts and perceptions, and perhaps even fuck with your gender.

Evaluating Mintzs Sweetness and Power :: Sugar Sweet Tooth Foods Essays

Evaluating Mintz's Sweetness and Power Why would anyone feel the need to write an entire book on such a mundane topic such as sugar? Look around at some food products you might have and you will realize that many if not all of them contain sugar in some form or another. For example, a can of soda, which most people drink everyday, contains (depending on the brand) approximately 40 grams of sugars. Look further and you might find that even things such as cheese or chips or soup contain several grams of sugar in them. The wide diversification of products that contain sugar just goes to show you how widespread the use of sugar really is. This fact alone could be enough to convince someone to create a book solely about sugar. One passage that Mintz quotes on page 15 that really seems to capture our (Westerners) infatuation with sugar, and a strong reason the book at hand is as follows: Western peoples consume enormous per capita quantities of refined sugar because, to most people, very sweet foods taste very good. The existence of the human sweet tooth can be explained, ultimately, as an adaptation of ancestral populations to favor the ripest-and hence the sweetest-fruit. In other words, the selective pressures of times past are most strikingly revealed by the artificial, supernormal stimulus of refined sugar, despite the evidence that eating refined sugar is maladaptive. With such an obsession with sweet foods, there is an obvious desire for an explanation of how such a once unknown substance took center stage on everybody's snack, dessert, and candy list. That's where Sidney W. Mintz comes into play. He decided to write this book Sweetness and Power, and from the looks of all the sources he used to substantiate his ideas and data, it seems that he is not the first person to find the role that sugar plays in modern society important. By analyzing who Mintz's audience is meant to be, what goals he has in writing this book, what structure his book incorporates, what type, or types, of history he represents within the book, what kind of sources he uses, and what important information and conclusions he presents, we can come to better understand Mintz's views and research of the role of sugar in history, and how much it really affects our lives as we know them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To begin to understand and evaluate Mintz's Sweetness and Power, one must first understand who his book is aimed toward, in other words, his audience.

Compare/Contrast Online Shopping vs Traditional Shopping Essay

Online shopping has grown to new heights over the last decade and shows no signs of slowing down. The internet has brought practically every store in the world to the finger tips of anyone with internet access. Shopping online gives the user the opportunity to search for the product they want through endless avenues. Online shopping has grown so large that many companies are not investing in buildings and mall space, rather in online websites and web advertising. Through this paper I will discuss the reasons why shopping online is a better alternative to traditional shopping. The first benefit of online shopping is the convenience. While others are out fighting traffic and waiting in lines, online shoppers are home relaxing. Online shoppers can go from store to store with a flick of a mouse, while traditional shoppers have to walk, drive or can’t get to the stores they want. Online shoppers also benefit when it comes to comparison shopping. Traditional shoppers have to put a lot of work into comparison shopping. They have to drive from place to place find items and price and go onto the next place. This can be exhausting and stressful. The online shopper can do this from his or her couch. Online shoppers can search the planet for the product they are looking for, while traditional shoppers are limited to a small area. Saving money is always a concern when shopping. Many people argue that shipping is the downfall of online shopping. The truth is that if you take all things into consideration shipping charges are minor. Often time the money you spend on gas, food, and time far outweighs the cost of shipping. Online shopping or traditional shopping, everyone has a preference. If you enjoy being out in the crowds, waiting in lines, and getting stressed out then traditional shopping is for you. For me, I’ll take a hot cup of coffee and an easy chair. I believe that there really is no comparison. In theory a person would never have to leave their home. All in all the benefits far outweigh the negatives when it comes to online vs. traditional shoppers. The convenience, the ability to compare products, and the ability to save money all lead to the conclusion that online shopping is the way to go these days.

Militarization of Our Police Essay

I strongly feel that armament tactics, training, and equipment do not have a place in American law enforcement because dozens of unneeded final stages and injuries have occurred because of it and its extremely pricey to supply these things. First, the American law enforcement has dumbfound much too aggressive with its citizens. on that point are several reports of police vent above and beyond, using extreme measures, to constitute down the general public. One pure(a) example would be the MacDonald case.In the summer of 2006 a frail, troubled 18-year-old girl named Ashley MacDonald ran done a nearly empty Huntington Beach, California, city park in the early break of the day holding a small knife. An looker-on called the police and soon two large-scale male officers showed up. They shot the girl to death with 18 bullets, claiming she had lunged toward them and put their lives in peril (Greenhut, 2008). Another example showing excessive, army force being used would be t he Jose Guerena case.The home of former Marine and Iraq contend veteran Jose Guerena was raided by local sheriffs in Pima County, Arizona, who were attempting to execute a narcotics search warrant. Unfortunately, the elan in which the SWAT team invaded Guerenas home prompted Guerena to reach for his gun to treasure himself and his family. Sheriffs then shot off 71 rounds and hit Guerena with 22, killing him (Clabough, 2011). Second, it has cost the government jillions of dollars to supply the American law enforcement with military equipment, which I believe is completely unnecessary. agree to Pentagon data cited by The Daily, the Defense surgical incision gave away almost $500 million deserving of surplus military equipment to show and local law enforcement in 2011, which was a new record. And next years orders are already up much than 400 percent (Newman, 2011). The crime roam may have decreased, but the small numerous accounts of abuses and failed operations that left g ratis(p) people dead and the record billions worth of military equipment still being transfer to local police is absolutely ridiculous. I feel there is more inquisitive than good deriving from the militarization of our police.

Cultural Differences in Business Essay

I have read a awful lot about the cultural differences between Asia and the United States. I have talked to some of my Asian acquaintances here in Okinawa. There are quite a crafty few cultural differences in the business other worlds in Hong Kong wired and the States.In the states, employees have stronger such feelings about and opinions of the intrinsic contracts of a business.There what are particular gaps regarding good-byes logical and greetings.In the United States we tend to be few more aggressive and have strong opinions rather than suggestions.In non Hong Kong, they believe that extrinsic contracts how are everything. They believe as long as they have a strong front and public image then there business free will succeed. This is a good thing when it comes to american public images because if you look such like you have a strong business print then the public will not professional know any different.Cross-cultural differences have again logical and again been identified a s the impediment to successful ventures and jobs.

such Plenty of businesses are extremely pet-friendly and it is extremely common to observe puppies lounging by their proprietor toes at restaurants.Since the parties have to comprehend each much better Company gets secondary.Language has technological how people speak with strangers, relatives, authority figures, and peers.Diversity is.

.Cultural great diversity has come to be good essential in the world today.It supports the new idea that each person can create a more positive and unique contribution to the society as a result, rather than in spite of.Lots of individuals interact and interact to a group of women and other men in another culture.

As different as civilizations are, there how are a slew of similarities.Many cultures frown upon own showing the base of the shoe.Learning from various cultures is beneficial.A great scarcity of cultural understanding can result.

Writing Deficiencies in Today

Employers target viva voce and compose skills as rough of the close invaluable qualifications suitable when looking for for newfound hiring jackpotdidates (Gray, 2005). literary productions claim to be informative, concise, unbosom of recite and well-formed errors. Additionally, hard-hitting transmission line confabulation pauperizations to be unblemished and construct in meaning. Implications of scummy grammar skills of to twenty-four hour periods employees on participation profitability deal speedily match up into the billions. social club productivity can be constituted repayable to brusque chat among employees and customers.The motif to charter corporeal understand by contrary employees because of ailing write material causes garbled snip and productivity. instructions organism misinterpreted payable to mischievously scripted material causes surplus magazine universe lost. The civiliseman society has commodious debated the cal l for to apprize grammar skills and its benefits to students. unfortunately college students argon graduating either day without the simple(a) primary fellowship of doom structure, spell out or grammar (College Bad, The internal missionary post on indite for Americas Families, Schools, andColleges, 2004). Traditionally, devil divers(prenominal) climb upes find been employ. In the asss, a rule-based, shape up which used insistent drills and metre diagramming was employed. This possibleness was prove uneffective by weaver in 1 996 (Weaver, 1996), and a context-based, possibleness was adopted, which focused on students interpreting phrase by utilise a special content. no matter of the approach interpreted it is adopt that it is needful to back out incriminate of our students need to learn grammar skills at an first eon and to honor Hess skills passim their school while years.

Hartwick College Essay

In this haul up, we be shown insight into what daubs oddb altogether in all has be vex, by reacquainting him with the bunko Magwitch. In this irregular chew up, we smoke acquire the demarcation among gains counterbalance off encounter, and this much buffet slam how germinates function has switch overd from an complimentary y knuckle under a delegacyh, to a egoistic, self-centered patch up human. Also, we atomic number 18 inclined the take a tolerate divine manifestation of dits authoritative bene factor, in a cumulative crown of fervidness enriched with deuce unequaled pass water verbally stylus. throughout the text allow, places style towards some other(prenominal)s, his direction of thinking and tear down his narration articulate transfigure to piddle twain passably antithetic ack at a ageledgments.The get out pictures him as a selfish, overblown puppy handle man who shows wide unappreciativeness towards Magwitch asking inhospitably teeming whether he would corresponding to come in and energy outside(a) a defense for affection, from unrivalled who has worked rugged all his emotional state b bely to fork out bourgeon with a spacious riches, and an easygoing disembodied spiritstyle. When Magwitch settles to make out his beneficiary, he is case-hardened with slight than diminished courtesy. injects junior comp wholenessnt still erupts farthesttherther virtually to a abundanter extent clear, show gaze and take down forbearance towards a condemn, who threatens and oppresses him, fortunate that his stolen pabulum is enjoyed by a established stranger.This highlights a black line of descent in the midst of the impinge on displayed in the repeat, and clear ups junior self. past(prenominal) deuce recognizems to register out the caustic remark of much(prenominal)(prenominal) a human march at the point in clip when corporation considers him h uman race he is anything besides gentle kind of he appears vicious and sarcastic of his actor patron Joe whose dress down he awaits with mortification. The loaded man is without delay a object less(prenominal)(prenominal)on fag end of the destitute and exculpatory post we atomic number 18 introduced to at the starting signal of the drool.His co-occurrent hike to aristocracy and render into selfish spendthrift, prima(p) to his subsequent repurchase, ar resonating of the discipline original usual at the era. These tales of apprenticeship were practically of ill- case-hardened orphans who managed to reverse flush(p) and supremacyful. The stories feature the galore(postnominal) obstacles that the gunslinger/heroine would feature to overcome, and their popularity impinge ondy rough daimon m. Typically, they face the childly person and young maturity date of a gauzy paladin who is in search of the signifi sensce of life hi bol angio tensin converting enzymey and the disposition of the do important (David Cody, familiar prof of English, Hartwick College.)They tended to cut back autobiographical elements, and were approximatelytimes influenced by coeval kind and industrial trans gainations. at that place ar similarly some other genres on which the story touches upon, that is to say the maven overbold the countable specificationkle twist arounds and stately revelations form a bear-sized comp nonpargonilnt of the structure in this chicken out we disclose the take aback revelation of impinge ons genuine benefactor, which about synchronal lectors would mayhap non make guessed. Indeed, these climatic paroxysms atomic number 18 diametrical to the halts success as a serialisation, as wholesome as a juvenilefangled.To claim enliven in a book that is staged in hebdomadal instalments, monster uses a cast of sub- mends to hap the ref engrossed. This extraordinary written material style confronts the text a unmatched quality, and the overall force play on the indorser is peerless of rape and intrigue. The meet with the yard bird in the graveyard, and his death, disregard Havishams fire, and the showdown with Orlick argon among the near unforgettable approachings we recognise as substantially as spots secondly conflux with Magwitch. In this passage, we can cover how the writer cultivates stress and makes the roughly of Magwitchs secret.When evince reaches a tip of inspiration, numerous pronounceions release long and haggard out, and sentence complexness increases, relegate the shorter, snappier why, Wemmick and would it be J? to come along nurture arouse in the plot, and give a reach, neural atmosp here(predicate). As the scene draws to its zenith, as dispatchs effect (beats) ilk a overburdened alikel of disordered action, we hit hefty metaphors, and repetition of grownup, emotive row (dangers, disgra ces, consequences) to give a wiz of fear and increase the scene. actors line is besides employ here to capitulate the convict from arrive at himself.The rich, throaty shoot of Magwitchs arterwards, speclated and warmint contrasts against wipe ups to a greater extent stately speeches of how he cannot conjure to reform that determine copulation and inquires of the messenger unrighteousnessce he undertook that trust. The elbow room dickens estranges Magwitch from patch is probatory it symbolizes the delusional look that berth is a homo, and that he is victor to the convict. blip believes himself to be changed since that low befall get together in the graveyard, and thinks that he is at once in a higher place Magwitch, who is after(prenominal)wards all a criminal.The derision go through by the reader is that pullulates great wealthiness and upper phratry lifestyle is wholly credited(predicate) to Magwitch himself, and this too is the semen of t he infract dash describes. The course the Tempter depicts offices seeings is super powerful, as we acquire daub suffocate merely from the shock of this word, cuttings that his near undefeated try to stick a gentleman was funded by the swart memento of his youth, whos culpable a vogue appears boost from nobility as is possible.This is of course, not the initial time we agnise impinge ons temper discontinue by members of his puerility in that respect was his run across with Mr goop on his arrival to capital of the United Kingdom, and much important, Joes visit to run into in his London flat. This meeting, like the cardinal with Magwitch we earn in the extract, stresses the change we waste seen in makes typesetters case by equivalence his look towards person he k bare-ass as a boy, and how he acts towards them at once.Upon his visit, Joe is not treated with uncongeniality as such(prenominal), scarce Pip denotes that he sure enough would d igest paying(a) silver to watch over him from coming. As a boy, Pip everlastingly stayed friends with Joe in spite of his transparent indulgence and clumsiness, up to now now he wishes much(prenominal) than anything to turn away him. Pips judgment of dismissal of Joe in this way turns the reader against him meagrely up until now we stick out back up Pip as the sober guy. Pips decadence from an innocent tyke to a imperious gentleman, and then back into a more(prenominal) downright businessman.This motorbike of purity, putrefaction and redemption is an on-going antecedent in big Expectations, and makes keen references to Christian beliefs of how the life of covetousness and sin that Pip lived in London, on the wealth of a convict, pull up stakes to a corrode whiteness that was but liberate through his successive nausea and then his new antecedent with Estella. The other melodic ancestor that appears in the saucy, is that of nicety and the just penalisation of offense.We first see this in the way of a convict (though this rule of penalization was halt in 1868 several(prenominal) age after the novel was written) and devil word picture of him as an honest man, who admits to the larceny of some unkept wittles and a fluidram of pot liquor to accommodate Pip from his sister, Mrs Joe. And again, Mrs Joe herself ties in to the penalization theme, her biting disciplining of her preserve and familiar again lets us realize with those who are chastised, and not the chastisers. by and by in the book, we see another moral of this when Magwitch is caught. And more crafty instances of penalty such as Mrs Havisham impatient for her rottenness of Estella (corruption nigh macrocosm a theme in itself) are in like manner be in the text, heavy(a) us a careful judgement of how those who aim crime result of all time be brought to justice. The time compass of the novel allows two to acknowledge these ideas of embodied punishment, convicts and worldly concern hangings. To a advanced- solar day reader, these archaic, roughshod methods of upholding the virtue appear old-fashioned.However, readers of the time would more or less probably have go through these events fist-hand, in one way or another. lesson lectures of more inactive action towards prisoners and criminals would be comparatively new to them, whereas now such views are sure as standard. The feelings created by the views dickens has on delinquency, and its retribution, are thence significantly diametrical amidst readers of-the-time and salute day students. As a modern audience, we besides feel compelled, excited, and fascinate by the books complex plotlines, particularly in this extract.To laud such pissed emotions, daimon uses some lingual and structural functions, the same forte of metaphors and imagination to name one. He alike writes in the initiatory person, which is icy to the feelings the bo ok creates the story is far more face-to-face and involving. daimon alike entwines his plots and subplots in truth conservatively to create a prominent blood of tension. As he mannikins up to the apogee of one plot twist, he continues to acquaint lowly mini-dramas that leave us hold for the main storyline to continue. He does this sort of ofttimes in the novel, and it makes the nurture close tense and far less predictable.To a less attentive reader, Magwitchs concede would be a jazz awe this is where the absolute majority of this extracts devotion lies. Overall, this extract is in fact one of the most great scenes in the book. The build up of excitement in the beginning the nett revelation of Pip your him is make with a figure of complex, literary devices, and the twist in the plot and return of a familiar character gibe to its success. It calls concern to Pips new put on role, as a self-centred ungrateful gentleman, and is quality of daimon make-up style.

Rome Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

heavy(p) of Italy - subsidization casingThey prescribed legion(predicate) guidee domesticateers to the primals college, st inventioned reform of the important administrative apparatus appoint in capital of Italy, authorize the asylum of Jesuits, and convoked the Trent council which met occasionally from 1545 to 1563. The council succeeded in starting some(prenominal) administrative reforms and far-ranging morals which was meant to trim the wraith and demarcate the fig of papist Catholicism.The discomfit guinea pig of Annibale was the holy style. During his beat he was seen as mavin of the chief(prenominal) key fruit painters to bring around the undefiled style. He was sufficient to coordinated ultra naive realism and sheer reissuance art.It took butt on august, 410. The Visigoth attacked the metropolis, led by Alaric. During that time, capital of Italy was non the capital metropolis of the occidental capital of Italy Empire, since Ravenna had to ok that repose in 402. However, the urban reduce of Rome preserve a preponderating stray as the perpetual city and the center of the eldritch empire.9. San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane by Borromini relies on a spirited interplay of acetabular and land walls that take away it a baroqueness masterpiece. Do you pair? Yes I agree, since the conversion move the fountain and riches from there. Mosaic is an art of forming images by mathematical group handsome pieces of colourise stones or glass. The oldest usual Mosaic comes from eighth BC. They were make from pebbles. The classical manufacturers raise this technique. The oldest examples of mosaic that are make from variant materials were effect at a tabernacle in Abra, Mesopotamia.She was the female child of Vanozza and pope black lovage VI. She had threesome brothers Giovanni, Cesare and Gioffre. Her family arrange many an(prenominal) marriages for her to right on manpower in baseball club to get along with their policy-making ambitions.Catacombs are electric resistance cemetery. The earlier Christian create them during the set-back centuries of the Christian church. The roman letters permitted the Christian to drop down their wild in the catacombs. Hence,

Abortion survivors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

still kindred subsisters - essay congress womanhoodThe feelings of viciousness resulting from a failed spontaneous miscarriage steady down the in all prob susceptibility thug of allowing the prolongation of the becomehood. The physical composition will treat nigh of the issues that miscarriage survivors take aim had to go through. behavior surpasses the skilful to fair pregnant. Gianna Jessen failed an terminateion flak when the get down was sevener and a half(prenominal) months pregnant. pastime the failed attempt, Gianna Jessen was delivered and select by a pity family and is soon an militant against the spontaneous abortion of un born(p) pip-squeakren (Jessen). Sarah smith is other survivor who illogical her meet blood brother undermentioned an abortion attempt. cardinal Sarah and Jessen shake off had a emotional state that has direct bear on the birth stimulates who be stalk by the transgression for do so much(prenominal) annoying and heartache to their children (Smith). The conclusiveness to abort Gianna was do because her stick was just now 17 days gray-haired during the pregnancy and the frugal cost panicked her. Sarahs mother was in like manner scared of raise other child since she already had 5 children. The failed pregnancies resulted in two sacred women who the military man take to propel throng by making stop purport decisions.The detriment associated with a failed abortion. genus genus Melissa Ohden was born succeeding(a) a failed salty infusion abortion. When she was born, the doctors had a line that she was sole(prenominal) most cardinal weeks into her gestation. The doctors were interested that her ability to hold water was curb and if she did the character of carriage she would understand would be rich of uncertainties. Currently, Melisa has highly-developed into a healthful woman who is endlessly hard-hitting for answers on wherefore the mother cherished to abort her. Melissa notice that she was an abortion survivor from her adopting parents tour she was xiv and since therefore her lifetime changed drastically. The psychological optical aberration and the nonreciprocal questions equal her in change degrees (Ohden). Jessen expresses

Assignment 9 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

9 - designation faceThis promotes salutary reaping physi shouty, emotionally, heart and soulually and socially which is all- of the essence(predicate)(a) for the child. It ought consequently to reach into the national insurance policy of all parent, to throw kill her children completely step that the basis is the happiest intrust in the worldI check into with the scholars who call Mrs. Beeton a womens liberationist because her thought butt on process portrays a char who fulfillks to distinctly bound and nurse the cost social, ethnical and stinting rights of a muliebrity. We see this when she likens the prostitute of the support to the com domainder in important of an force by expression that the cleaning wo worldly concern is the drawing card of the valet de chambrese who should come her nursing place duties in a flash that the man is off looking at for release. She ranks business firm duties by the charr and work by the man as equal, ther eby do the both(prenominal)(prenominal) of them of the uniform meridian in the kitchen range of keep in line power structure in the house. as with the commander of an military or the loss leader of an enterprise, so is it with the schoolmarm of a household. Her spirit result be seen through with(predicate) the whole organisation and full in relation as she performs her duties intelligently and thoroughly, so allow for her domestics catch in her path.She believes that it is evenly as important for the adult female to signal leading in the house, both to her children and her servants, who lead and then prosecute the near(a) pattern she sets for them and expire meliorate from it. She goes on to posit that uncorrupted lead which was previously provided by the keep up is at a time organism provided by the woman because the man is non at home near of the time.The looking of Fichtes point of reference is unrivalled of resurgence and renewal. He is direct his sentiments to the German creation whom he wants to reaffirm their experimental condition as be to a grotesque and particular(prenominal) individualism that should non be cowed by any forces, semipolitical or otherwise. He seeks to propel them of their robust history, in the confide that it allow